Each type of resources has its own institute. Bonus from these development directions increase private factory productivity for corresponding types of resources.
Institute of construction
Bonus from this institute has an effect on the cost of state buildings construction. This discount only applies to the regions that were a part of the state for more than 31 days.
Army Armor School
Bonus affects tanks resulting damage in wars. This only applies to the wars in the regions that were a part of the state for more than 31 days.
Space Research Institute
Bonus affects Space stations and Moon tanks resulting damage in wars. This only applies to the wars in the regions that were a part of the state for more than 31 days. Also lowers the travel time to/from the Moon.